# Science Applications International (SAIC)

**Exchange:** NASDAQ  
**Coverage as of:** 2026-Q2  
**Updated:** 2026-05-29  
**Report type:** Primer (steps 1–3 of 19)  
**API endpoint:** GET /api/v1/research/SAIC/primer

## Business Model

---
source: coverage-next-full
ticker: SAIC
step: "01"
title: Business Overview
created: 2026-05-29
---

### Step 01 — Business Overview

#### Company Description

Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) is a premier provider of technical, engineering, digital, and enterprise IT solutions and services primarily to the United States federal government. With approximately 26,000 employees and annual revenues in the $7–8 billion range, SAIC is one of the largest pure-play government IT services companies in the United States.

SAIC operates as a **single business segment** — a deliberate structure that reflects management's view of the business as an integrated delivery organization rather than a collection of distinct business units. This single-segment structure, while simple for financial reporting purposes, obscures meaningful differences in capability areas and customer concentrations.

#### Business Model

SAIC's business model is fundamentally a **people and process business**, not a capital-intensive technology company. The company deploys cleared technical personnel (engineers, scientists, IT specialists, program managers) against long-term government contracts. Revenue is primarily driven by:

1. **Labor hours × billing rates** (time-and-materials and cost-plus contracts)
2. **Pass-through subcontractor costs** (government approves; SAIC earns a fee)
3. **Fixed-price deliverables** (smaller portion; higher margin risk)

Organic growth comes from winning new contracts, growing headcount on existing programs, and billing rate escalation (often tied to government-set wage indices). The company's **asset-light model** — minimal owned facilities, equipment, or proprietary IP — is both a strength (high FCF conversion) and a weakness (limited pricing power and differentiation beyond incumbency).

#### Key Capability Domains

**Enterprise IT & Digital Transformation**
SAIC manages large-scale enterprise IT infrastructure for the Department of Defense. The flagship program is the **Navy/Marine Corps Intranet (NMCI)** — one of the world's largest enterprise IT networks, connecting approximately 550,000 end users across Navy and Marine Corps installations globally. NMCI has been SAIC's cornerstone contract for over two decades and represents approximately 15-20% of total revenue. The NMCI Next Evolution (NMCIe) contract recompete represents the single largest business risk for the company.

**Defense & Intelligence Support**
SAIC provides technical engineering and intelligence support services to Army logistics/sustainment programs, intelligence community agencies, DARPA, and other DoD components. This includes systems engineering, software development, cybersecurity, and mission support.

**Civilian Agency IT**
NASA has been a longstanding SAIC customer, with contracts supporting mission systems, IT infrastructure, and technical services. The IRS, DHS, and other civilian agencies round out a ~15% civilian revenue contribution.

**Digital Modernization**
SAIC has been investing in digital transformation capabilities — cloud migration, AI/ML integration, data analytics — to capture government modernization spend. The company acquired Unison and other firms to bolster these capabilities.

#### Employee Profile

SAIC's ~26,000 employees are predominantly technical professionals with active or clearable security clearances. The **security clearance portfolio** is a genuine competitive moat — clearing personnel takes 6–18+ months and significant government vetting. SAIC's clearance base (including TS/SCI-cleared personnel) represents a substantial barrier to entry and switching cost.

The workforce is geographically concentrated around:
- Northern Virginia / National Capital Region (largest concentration)
- San Diego (Navy/Marine Corps support)
- Huntsville, Alabama (Army aviation/logistics)
- Colorado Springs (Space Force/NORAD)
- Houston (NASA)

#### Organizational Positioning

Post-2013 spin, SAIC defined itself as the **services company** vs. Leidos's **solutions company**. In practice this distinction has blurred — SAIC has moved up the value chain toward digital modernization, AI integration, and solutions delivery. However, the core revenue engine remains labor-intensive services at cost-plus or T&M rates.

CEO Toni Townes-Whitley (installed May 2023) has articulated a vision around "Mission Capability" — emphasizing outcomes-based delivery and technology-enabled services. It is still early innings on execution of this strategy shift.

#### Why SAIC Exists in Portfolios

Investors own SAIC for:
- **Defensive revenue** (90%+ US government, highly recurring)
- **Strong FCF** (asset-light model converts >100% of net income to FCF)
- **Consistent capital returns** (buybacks + dividend, ~$400-500M/year combined)
- **Inflation hedge** (government contract rates often index to labor inflation)
- **Budget cycle insulation** (DoD IT is essential infrastructure, hard to cut quickly)

## Financial Snapshot

---
source: coverage-next-full
ticker: SAIC
step: "04"
title: Financial Snapshot
created: 2026-05-29
---

### Step 04 — Financial Snapshot

#### Three-Year P&L Summary

All figures in millions USD. SAIC's fiscal year ends late January/early February.

| Metric | FY2023 | FY2024 | FY2025E |
|--------|--------|--------|---------|
| Revenue | $7,392 | $7,403 | ~$7,450 |
| YoY Growth | +3.3% | +0.1% | ~+0.6% |
| Gross Profit | ~$960 | ~$975 | ~$985 |
| Gross Margin | ~13.0% | ~13.2% | ~13.2% |
| Operating Income (GAAP) | ~$310 | ~$325 | ~$330 |
| GAAP Operating Margin | ~4.2% | ~4.4% | ~4.4% |
| Adjusted EBITDA | ~$560 | ~$570 | ~$580 |
| Adj. EBITDA Margin | ~7.6% | ~7.7% | ~7.8% |
| Net Income (GAAP) | ~$190 | ~$205 | ~$210 |
| GAAP Net Margin | ~2.6% | ~2.8% | ~2.8% |
| Diluted EPS (GAAP) | ~$3.90 | ~$4.35 | ~$4.60 |
| Adjusted EPS | ~$7.10 | ~$7.50 | ~$7.80 |
| Free Cash Flow | ~$430 | ~$460 | ~$470 |
| FCF Margin | ~5.8% | ~6.2% | ~6.3% |

*Note: FY2025 figures are estimates; precise figures require verification against SAIC's February 2025 10-K filing. Historical figures are based on available SEC filings and earnings reports.*

#### Margin Structure Analysis

##### Why GAAP Margins Appear Low

SAIC's reported GAAP operating margins of ~4-5% can appear thin for a profitable business. The explanation lies in the accounting treatment of cost-plus government contracts and the post-acquisition goodwill/intangibles amortization:

1. **Amortization of intangibles:** Post-Engility acquisition (2019), SAIC carries significant intangible amortization (~$80-100M/year) flowing through operating income. Adjusting for this, margins are meaningfully higher.

2. **High pass-through costs:** Cost-plus contracts include subcontractor costs, materials, and ODCs (other direct costs) that SAIC bills to the government at cost with minimal markup. These inflate revenue and compress margins arithmetically — not a profitability concern.

3. **Low capital intensity baseline:** There is minimal depreciation/amortization of physical assets because SAIC doesn't own much. The margin "compression" is acquisition-driven, not operational.

**Adjusted Operating Margin (removing amortization of acquired intangibles):** ~7-9% — much more representative of economic profitability.

##### Free Cash Flow — The Real Metric

FCF is SAIC's most important financial metric:
- **CapEx is minimal:** ~$30-50M/year (0.4-0.6% of revenue), reflecting the asset-light model
- **Working capital is favorable:** Government pays within 30 days of invoice; SAIC often collects faster than it pays subcontractors
- **D&A primarily acquisition-driven:** Adds back to net income without cash cost
- **FCF conversion:** Typically 100-130% of GAAP net income; FCF is often double adjusted EBITDA to FCF conversion

This means SAIC's FCF yield (FCF/Market Cap) is substantially higher than the P/E ratio would suggest.

#### Income Statement Deep Dive

##### Revenue Quality
- 100% US government — zero commercial exposure
- ~55% cost-plus (fee is ~5-10% of costs; extremely stable)
- Organic growth historically 2-5%; FY2024 was essentially flat (budget uncertainty, CR environment)

##### Cost Structure
Labor is the dominant cost (~60-65% of revenue before fringe). Subcontractor costs are ~20-25% pass-through. Corporate overhead ~8-10%. This highly variable cost structure (labor deployed on specific contracts) provides natural cost flexibility if revenue contracts — though severance and clearance maintenance costs create some stickiness.

##### Non-GAAP Adjustments
SAIC uses adjusted EBITDA that adds back:
- Amortization of acquired intangibles
- Stock-based compensation
- Acquisition/integration costs
- Legal settlements (periodic)

The adjustments are largely non-cash and acquisition-driven — reasonable to add back for operational assessment, though accumulated goodwill from acquisitions is a real economic cost if those businesses underperform.

#### Earnings Per Share Bridge

The large gap between GAAP EPS (~$4) and Adjusted EPS (~$7-8) is driven by:
1. Amortization of intangibles (~$1.50-2.00/share after-tax impact)
2. Stock-based compensation (~$0.80-1.00/share)
3. Tax adjustments (minor)

Importantly, **adjusted EPS has grown steadily** even as revenue has been flat — driven by buybacks reducing the share count ~3-4% annually. SAIC's EPS growth story is primarily a financial engineering story (buybacks) layered on top of stable operational performance, not revenue growth.

#### Profitability vs. Peers

| Company | GAAP Op Margin | Adj. EBITDA Margin | FCF Margin |
|---------|---------------|-------------------|-----------|
| SAIC | ~4-5% | ~7-8% | ~6-7% |
| Leidos (LDOS) | ~6-8% | ~10-12% | ~8-9% |
| Booz Allen (BAH) | ~9-11% | ~11-13% | ~8-10% |
| CACI | ~8-10% | ~11-13% | ~9-11% |

SAIC trades at a margin discount to peers. This is partly structural (more cost-plus work, heavier subcontractor pass-through) and partly a historical artifact of NMCI's thin-margin enterprise IT infrastructure operations. Management's modernization strategy aims to shift mix toward higher-margin digital/advisory work over time.

#### Key Financial Ratios (Approximate)

| Metric | Value |
|--------|-------|
| P/E (GAAP) | ~15-18x |
| P/E (Adjusted) | ~10-13x |
| EV/EBITDA | ~10-13x |
| EV/Revenue | ~0.7-0.9x |
| FCF Yield | ~7-9% |
| Dividend Yield | ~1.5-2.0% |
| Net Debt/EBITDA | ~3.5-4.0x |

## Recent Catalysts

---
source: coverage-next-full
ticker: SAIC
step: "12"
title: Catalysts
created: 2026-05-29
---

### Step 12 — Catalysts

#### Near-Term Catalysts (0–12 Months)

##### 1. DOGE Clarity — Program Budget Confirmation
**Timeline:** Q1-Q2 FY2026 (calendar 2025)
**Impact:** Medium — removes the single largest overhang on SAIC and the government IT sector broadly
**Details:** As the FY2026 federal budget process resolves and DOGE's specific program targets become clear, SAIC will either confirm its program portfolio is intact or communicate specific headwinds. If the DoD core programs (Army logistics, Navy IT) are confirmed preserved, the stock de-risks meaningfully. The market is currently pricing in more DOGE risk than is likely to materialize for mission-critical IT.

##### 2. Book-to-Bill Recovery Above 1.0x
**Timeline:** 1-2 quarters
**Impact:** Medium — signals pipeline health and supports revenue guidance
**Details:** A sustained book-to-bill above 1.0x (TTM) would validate that new award activity is outpacing revenue, setting up future growth acceleration. Several large IDIQ vehicle wins in 2024 position SAIC to capture more task order volume. Any large single-award announcement (>$500M) would be a near-term catalyst.

##### 3. NMCI/NMCIe Recompete RFP or Award
**Timeline:** 12-36 months (timing highly uncertain)
**Impact:** Very High — potential ±20-30% stock move depending on outcome
**Details:** The market persistently discounts SAIC for NMCI recompete risk. An RFP release that provides specific evaluation criteria would sharpen the investment case (enabling investors to assess SAIC's competitive position more concretely). A contract award to SAIC would trigger a significant multiple re-rating as the overhang resolves.

##### 4. Margin Expansion Confirmation
**Timeline:** 2-4 quarters
**Impact:** Medium — supports higher multiple
**Details:** Each 50bp of adjusted EBITDA margin expansion translates to ~$35-40M incremental EBITDA, which at the current ~12x multiple implies ~$420-480M of market cap creation. Management's path to 9%+ margins from current ~7.8% requires discipline on mix shift and cost leverage. Quarterly results confirming margin trajectory are steady positive catalysts.

#### Medium-Term Catalysts (1–3 Years)

##### 5. Federal AI/Digital Modernization Funding
**Timeline:** 2-4 years
**Impact:** Medium-High — new revenue stream at better margins
**Details:** The government's AI strategy (Executive Order on AI, NIST frameworks, agency AI action plans) is translating into actual procurement. SAIC, under Townes-Whitley's leadership, has positioned as an AI-enabled government services company. Winning large AI modernization contracts (training, deployment, integration) at fixed-price outcomes-based structures would demonstrate the strategic pivot is working and expand margins structurally.

##### 6. Debt Deleveraging Below 3.0x
**Timeline:** 3-5 years
**Impact:** Medium — opens capital allocation flexibility and potential rating upgrade
**Details:** At 3.0x or below, SAIC could pursue M&A more aggressively, increase the dividend payout ratio, or accelerate buybacks. A credit rating upgrade from Baa3/BBB- would also reduce borrowing costs. This is a slow-building catalyst but changes the financial profile of the company.

##### 7. CEO Strategic Inflection Demonstration
**Timeline:** 2-3 years
**Impact:** Medium-High — potential for re-rating if SAIC proves it's a technology solutions company, not just a staffing firm
**Details:** If Townes-Whitley delivers 2-3 large, high-profile technology solutions wins (with visible AI/cloud components and better margins), analysts and investors may begin assigning a higher multiple to SAIC's revenue. Closing the ~15-20% valuation discount to Booz Allen or even Leidos would imply significant stock appreciation.

#### Long-Term Catalysts (3+ Years)

##### 8. NMCI Recompete Win (if delayed to 3+ years)
Already discussed above — the ultimate catalyst for multiple re-rating.

##### 9. DoD Budget Expansion
A continued multi-year expansion of the DoD budget (driven by geopolitical competition with China, NATO obligations, Ukraine lessons) would increase the overall government IT services TAM and support above-market growth for SAIC's DoD-concentrated portfolio.

---

#### Bull Case

- **NMCI recompete won for a 10-year term**, eliminating the stock's largest persistent overhang and removing ~1-2 turns of discount from the multiple; combined with book-to-bill above 1.1x and confirmed 9%+ adjusted EBITDA margins, SAIC re-rates from ~12x to ~15x EBITDA, implying 30-45% upside from current levels
- **DOGE effect is net positive**: agencies reduce civilian headcount and increase contractor reliance on SAIC's core IT programs; organic revenue inflects to 4-6% growth as pent-up modernization demand releases; FCF expands to $550M+, supporting aggressive buybacks that reduce share count by 6-8% annually over 3 years
- **AI/digital modernization pivot succeeds**: SAIC wins 2-3 landmark AI-enabled government contracts with outcome-based pricing and 12%+ EBITDA margins; the market begins valuing SAIC on a technology-solutions framework rather than a labor-services framework, closing the valuation gap to Booz Allen Hamilton

#### Bear Case

- **NMCI recompete is lost to Leidos or GDIT**: ~$1.2-1.5B revenue at risk with limited near-term replacement pipeline; EPS falls 25-30%; the stock re-rates down 30-40% and the dividend comes under pressure as FCF shrinks below $350M
- **DOGE cuts 3-4 core SAIC programs**: Army logistics program and/or civilian agency IT programs are cancelled or sharply reduced scope; combined with NMCI risk, SAIC faces a revenue decline of 8-12% over 2 years; management abandons buybacks to preserve liquidity; share count stops declining, and the EPS growth story collapses
- **Debt refinancing at elevated rates (2028-2031) crimps FCF**: If the $1.1B+ of fixed-rate notes are refinanced at 7-8% vs. current 3.875-4.875%, annual interest expense increases $30-40M after tax, reducing FCF by the same; combined with flat revenue, FCF yield compresses and the buyback program slows meaningfully

## Full Research Available

This primer covers steps 1–3 of 19. The full deep dive (moat analysis, DCF, bull/bear,
management quality, earnings transcript analysis) is available via:

- Investment memo: /memo/saic
- Full research API: GET /api/v1/research/SAIC/memo
- Coverage universe: /stocks